Ipleyiti yentsimbi

Yintsimbi ethe tyaba eyenziwe ngentsimbi etyhidiweyo kwaye icinezelwe emva kokupholisa.
I-flat, i-rectangular kwaye inokugqithwa ngokuthe ngqo okanye isikwe kwimicu yentsimbi ebanzi.
Ipleyiti yensimbi yahlulwe ngokobunzima, ipleyiti yentsimbi encinci ingaphantsi kwe-4 mm (i-thinnest yi-0.2 mm), i-medium-thick steel plate yi-4-60 mm, kunye ne-60-115 yentsimbi. mm.
Amaphepha ensimbi ahlulwe abe yi-hot-rolled and cold-rolled ngokwe-rolling.
Ububanzi beplate encinci yi-500 ~ 1500 mm; ububanzi beshiti elishinyeneyo yi-600 ~ 3000 mm. Amaxwebhu ahlelwa ngohlobo lwentsimbi, kubandakanywa intsimbi eqhelekileyo, intsimbi ekumgangatho ophezulu, insimbi ye-alloy, intsimbi yasentwasahlobo, insimbi engenasici, insimbi yesixhobo, intsimbi ekwazi ukumelana nobushushu, intsimbi yokuthwala, intsimbi yesilicon kunye neshiti lentsimbi ecocekileyo yeshishini, njl. Ipleyiti ye-enamel, i-bulletproof plate, njl. Ngokubhekiselele kwi-surface coating, kukho i-galvanized sheet, i-tin-plated sheet, i-lead-plated sheet, i-plastic composite steel plate, njl.
Intsimbi yesakhiwo esisezantsi
(ekwabizwa ngokuba yintsimbi eqhelekileyo ephantsi, i-HSLA)
1. Injongo
Ikakhulu isetyenziselwa ukwenziwa kweebhulorho, iinqanawa, izithuthi, iibhoyili, iinqanawa ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu, imibhobho yeoli kunye negesi, izakhiwo ezinkulu zetsimbi, njl.
2. Iimfuno zokusebenza
(1) Amandla aphezulu: ngokubanzi amandla ayo esivuno angaphezulu kwe-300MPa.
(2) Ukuqina okuphezulu: ubude bufuneka ukuba bube yi-15% ukuya kwi-20%, kwaye ukuqina kwempembelelo kwiqondo lokushisa elikhulu kuno-600kJ / m ukuya kwi-800kJ / m. Kumalungu amakhulu adityanisiweyo, ukuqina okuphezulu kokuqhekeka kuyafuneka.
(3) Ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-welding kunye nokusebenza okubandayo.
(4) Iqondo lobushushu eliphantsi elibandayo elinobushushu.
(5) Ukumelana nokugqwesa okulungileyo.
3. Iimpawu zesithako
(1) Ikhabhoni ephantsi: Ngenxa yeemfuno eziphezulu zokuqina, i-weldability kunye nokwakheka okubandayo, umxholo wekhabhoni awudluli i-0.20%.
(2) Yongeza izinto zengxubevange esekwe manganese.
(3) Ukongeza izinto ezincedisayo ezifana ne-niobium, i-titanium okanye i-vanadium: inani elincinci le-niobium, i-titanium okanye i-vanadium yenza i-carbides emihle okanye i-carbonitrides ngentsimbi, enenzuzo ukufumana iinkozo ezintle ze-ferrite kunye nokuphucula amandla kunye nokuqina kwentsimbi .
Ukongezelela, ukongeza inani elincinci lobhedu (≤0.4%) kunye ne-phosphorus (malunga ne-0.1%) inokuphucula ukuxhathisa ukubola. Ukongeza inani elincinci lezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba zinokususa i-sulfurize kunye ne-degas, ukucoca intsimbi, kunye nokuphucula ukuqina kunye nokusebenza kwenkqubo.
4. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziswe intsimbi ephantsi ye-alloy structural
I-16Mn yolona hlobo olusetyenziswa kakhulu kunye noluvelisayo lwensimbi ephantsi ye-alloy-high-strength yensimbi kwilizwe lam. Ulwakhiwo olukwimo yokusetyenziswa lucokisekileyo lwe-ferrite-pearlite, kwaye amandla alo amalunga nama-20% ukuya kuma-30% aphezulu kunoko kwentsimbi eqhelekileyo ye-carbon structural ye-Q235, kunye nokumelana ne-atmospheric corrosion yi-20% ukuya kwi-38% ephezulu.
I-15MnVN yeyona ntsimbi isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiintsimbi ezinobukhulu obuphakathi. Inamandla aphezulu, kunye nokuqina okulungileyo, ukuwelda kunye nokuqina kobushushu obuphantsi, kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekwenzeni izakhiwo ezinkulu ezifana neebhulorho, iibhoyila kunye neenqanawa.
Emva kokuba inqanaba lamandla lidlula i-500MPa, izakhiwo ze-ferrite kunye ne-pearlite zinzima ukuhlangabezana neemfuno, ngoko ke insimbi ephantsi ye-carbon bainitic iphuhliswa. Ukongezwa kwe-Cr, i-Mo, i-Mn, i-B kunye nezinye izinto ziluncedo ekufumaneni isakhiwo se-bainite phantsi kweemeko zokupholisa umoya, ukwenzela ukuba amandla aphezulu, ukusebenza kweplastiki kunye ne-welding kubhetele, kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiibhoyili zoxinzelelo oluphezulu. , iinqanawa zoxinzelelo oluphezulu, njl.
5. Iimpawu zonyango lobushushu
Olu hlobo lwensimbi lusetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwindawo eshushu-eshushu kunye nepholile emoyeni kwaye ayifuni unyango olukhethekileyo lokushisa. I-microstructure ekwimeko yokusetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo yi-ferrite + sorbite.
Ingxubevange yentsimbi carburized
1. Injongo
Isetyenziswa ikakhulu ekwenzeni iigiya zothumelo kwiimoto kunye neetrektara, iicamshafts, izikhonkwane zepiston kunye nezinye iinxalenye zoomatshini kwiinjini zokutsha zangaphakathi. Amalungu anjalo anengxaki yokungqubana okuqinileyo kunye nokunxiba ngexesha lomsebenzi, kwaye kwangaxeshanye athwele imithwalo emikhulu etshintshanayo, ngakumbi imithwalo yempembelelo.
2. Iimfuno zokusebenza
(1) Umphezulu we-carburized layer unobulukhuni obuphezulu bokuqinisekisa ukuxhathisa okugqwesileyo kunye nokumelana nokudinwa, kunye neplastiki efanelekileyo kunye nokuqina.
(2) Undoqo unokuqina okuphezulu kunye nokomelela okuphezulu ngokwaneleyo. Xa ukuqina kwengundoqo akwanelanga, kulula ukuphula phantsi kwesenzo somthwalo wempembelelo okanye ukulayisha ngaphezulu; xa amandla angonelanga, i-brittle carburized layer iqhekeka ngokulula kwaye ihlulwe.
(3) Ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yokunyanga ubushushu Ngaphantsi kobushushu obuphezulu be-carburizing (900℃～950℃), iinkozo ze-austenite akulula ukukhula kwaye zibe nobunzima obuhle.
3. Iimpawu zesithako
(1) Ikhabhoni ephantsi: umxholo wekhabhoni ngokuqhelekileyo ngu-0.10% ukuya kwi-0.25%, ukwenzela ukuba i-core yengxenye ibe neplastiki eyaneleyo kunye nokuqina.
(2) Yongeza izinto ze-alloying ukuphucula ukuqina: Cr, Ni, Mn, B, njl.
(3) Yongeza izinto ezithintela ukukhula kweenkozo ze-austenite: ngokukodwa ukongeza inani elincinci lezinto eziqinileyo ze-carbide ezenza i-Ti, V, W, Mo, njl. ukwenza i-alloy carbides ezinzileyo.
4. Ibakala lentsimbi kunye nebakala
20Cr low ukuqina ingxubevange intsimbi carburized. Olu hlobo lwentsimbi lunobunzima obuphantsi kunye namandla aphantsi.
20CrMnTi medium hardenability alloy carburized steel. Olu hlobo lwentsimbi lunokuqina okuphezulu, uvakalelo oluphantsi lobushushu obuphantsi, umaleko wokutshintsha we-carburizing olinganayo, kunye neempawu ezilungileyo zoomatshini kunye nezobuchwepheshe.
I-18Cr2Ni4WA kunye ne-20Cr2Ni4A yokuqina okuphezulu kwe-alloy carburized steel. Olu hlobo lwentsimbi luqulethe izinto ezininzi ezifana ne-Cr kunye ne-Ni, inobunzima obuphezulu, kwaye inobunzima obuhle kunye nefuthe eliphantsi lobushushu.
5. Unyango lokushisa kunye neempawu ze-microstructure
Inkqubo yokunyanga ubushushu bentsimbi ye-alloy carburized ikholisa ukucima ngokuthe ngqo emva kokungcwatywa kwe-carburizing, kwaye emva koko ishushu kubushushu obuphantsi. Emva kokunyanga ubushushu, ubume bomgangatho we-carburized layer yi-alloy cementite + tempered martensite + inani elincinci le-austenite egciniweyo, kunye nobunzima yi-60HRC ~ 62HRC. Isakhiwo esisisiseko sinxulumene nokuqina kwentsimbi kunye nobukhulu obunqamlekileyo becandelo. Xa uqina ngokupheleleyo, i-low-carbon tempered martensite kunye nobunzima be-40HRC ukuya kwi-48HRC; kwiimeko ezininzi, yi-troostite, i-martensite epholileyo kunye nexabiso elincinci lentsimbi. Umzimba we-Element, ubulukhuni yi-25HRC ~ 40HRC. Ukuqina kwentliziyo ngokuqhelekileyo kuphezulu kuno-700KJ/m2.
I-alloy ecinyiweyo kunye nentsimbi epholileyo
1. Injongo
I-alloy quenched and tempered steel isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekwenzeni iinxalenye ezibalulekileyo kwiimoto, iitrektara, izixhobo zoomatshini kunye nabanye oomatshini, njengeegiya, iishafti, iintonga zokudibanisa, iibholiti, njl.
2. Iimfuno zokusebenza
Uninzi lwamacandelo acinyiweyo kunye nobushushu athwala imithwalo eyahlukeneyo yokusebenza, imeko yoxinzelelo inobunzima, kwaye iipropathi ezibanzi ezibanzi ziyafuneka, oko kukuthi, amandla aphezulu kunye neplastiki elungileyo kunye nokuqina. I-alloy ecinyiweyo kunye nentsimbi epholileyo ifuna ukuqina okulungileyo. Nangona kunjalo, iimeko zoxinzelelo zamacandelo ahlukeneyo zihlukile, kwaye iimfuno zokuqina zihlukile.
3. Iimpawu zesithako
(1) Ikhabhoni ephakathi: umxholo wekhabhoni ngokuqhelekileyo uphakathi kwe-0.25% kunye ne-0.50%, kunye ne-0.4% kuninzi;
(2) Ukongeza izinto Cr, Mn, Ni, Si, njl ukuphucula ukuqina: Ukongeza ekuphuculeni ukuqina, ezi zinto ze-alloy nazo zingenza i-alloy ferrite kunye nokuphucula amandla ensimbi. Ngokomzekelo, ukusebenza kwentsimbi ye-40Cr emva kokucinywa kunye nokunyamezela unyango luphezulu kakhulu kunentsimbi ye-45;
3 Ukongeza i-Mo kunye ne-W kwintsimbi kunokuthintela uhlobo lwesibini lwe-tender brittleness, kunye nomxholo walo ofanelekileyo malunga ne-0.15% -0.30% Mo okanye i-0.8% -1.2% W.
Ukuthelekiswa kweempawu zentsimbi ye-45 kunye ne-40Cr yentsimbi emva kokucima kunye nokufudumala
Umgangatho wentsimbi kunye nomgangatho wonyango lobushushu Ubungakanani beCandelo/ mm sb/ MPa ss/MPa d5/ % y/% ak/kJ/m2
45 intsimbi 850 ℃ ukucima amanzi, 550 ℃ ubushushu f50 700 500 15 45 700
40Cr intsimbi 850 ℃ ukucima ioyile, 570 ℃ ukufutha f50 (core) 850 670 16 58 1000
4. Ibakala lentsimbi kunye nebakala
(1) I-40Cr ukuqina okuphantsi okucinyiweyo kunye nentsimbi epholileyo: I-diameter ebalulekileyo yokucima ioli yolu hlobo lwentsimbi yi-30mm ukuya kwi-40mm, esetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iindawo ezibalulekileyo zobukhulu obuqhelekileyo.
(2) I-35CrMo i-alloy yokuqina ephakathi ecinyiweyo kunye nentsimbi epholileyo: i-diameter ebalulekileyo yokucima ioli yolu hlobo lwentsimbi yi-40mm ukuya kwi-60mm. Ukongezwa kwe-molybdenum akukwazi nje ukuphucula ukuqina, kodwa kwakhona kuthintele uhlobo lwesibini lokuvutha komsindo.
(3) I-40CrNiMo i-alloy yokuqina ephezulu ecinyiweyo kunye nentsimbi epholileyo: i-diameter ebalulekileyo yokucima ioli yolu hlobo lwensimbi yi-60mm-100mm, ininzi yazo i-chromium-nickel steel. Ukongeza i-molybdenum efanelekileyo kwintsimbi ye-chromium-nickel ayigcini nje ngokuba lukhuni kakuhle, kodwa iphinda isuse uhlobo lwesibini lomsindo.
5. Unyango lokushisa kunye neempawu ze-microstructure
Ukunyangwa kobushushu bokugqibela kwe-alloy ecinyiweyo kunye nentsimbi epholileyo iyacima kunye nobushushu obuphezulu bokushisa (ukucima kunye nokufudumala). I-alloy ecinyiweyo kunye nentsimbi epholileyo inokuqina okuphezulu, kwaye ioli isetyenziswa ngokubanzi. Xa ukuqina kukhulu ngokukodwa, kunokupholiswa ngumoya, okunokunciphisa iziphene zokunyanga ubushushu.
Iipropati zokugqibela ze-alloy ezicinyiweyo kunye nentsimbi epholileyo zixhomekeke kwiqondo lokushisa. Ngokubanzi, iqondo lokushisa kwi-500 ℃-650 ℃ liyasetyenziswa. Ngokukhetha ubushushu bokufudumala, iipropati ezifunekayo zinokufumaneka. Ukuze kuthintelwe uhlobo lwesibini lobushushu bomsindo, ukupholisa ngokukhawuleza (ukupholisa kwamanzi okanye ukupholisa ioli) emva kokufudumala kunenzuzo ekuphuculeni ukuqina.
I-microstructure ye-alloy ecinyiweyo kunye nentsimbi epholileyo emva kokunyangwa kobushushu obuqhelekileyo i-sorbite. Kwiindawo ezifuna indawo ekwazi ukumelana nokunxitywa (ezinje ngegiya kunye ne-spindles), ukucinywa kokufudumeza komphezulu wokufudumeza kunye nobushushu obuphantsi kuyenziwa, kwaye ubume bomphezulu bufakwe i-martensite. Ukuqina komphezulu kunokufikelela kwi-55HRC ~ 58HRC.
Amandla esivuno se-alloy ecinyiweyo kunye nentsimbi epholileyo emva kokucima kunye nokufudumala malunga ne-800MPa, kunye nokuqina kwempembelelo yi-800kJ / m2, kwaye ukuqina kombindi kunokufikelela kwi-22HRC ~ 25HRC. Ukuba ubungakanani be-cross-sectional bukhulu kwaye abuqinanga, ukusebenza kuyancipha kakhulu.